Prólogo 
Figuras y tablas 
Figuras 
Tablas 
1. Introducción 
2. Degradación de suelos 
2.1. Definiciones 
Desertificación 
Sequía 
Tierra 
Degradación de tierras 
Zonas áridas, semiáridas y subhúmedas secas 
2.2. Factores que intervienen en la degradación 
Cambio Climático 
Inundaciones y deslizamientos de tierras 
Erosión 
Sellado y encostramiento del suelo 
Compactación del suelo 
Ocupación del suelo 
Salinización y alcalinización de suelos y aguas 
Reducción de la fertilidad 
Contaminación del suelo 
Reducción en el contenido de materia orgánica 
Disminución de la biodiversidad del suelo 
Incendios 
3. Erosión de suelos: erosión hídrica y eólica 
3.1. Definiciones 
3.2. Factores que intervienen en la erosión hídrica 
Clima 
Relieve 
Tipo de suelo 
Vegetación 
El hombre y el tiempo 
4. Métodos de estimación de la erosión hídrica
5. Métodos cualitativos 
5.1. Consideraciones generales 
5.2. Modelo cualitativo de erosión-deposición 
Definición de los grados de erosión 
5.3. Programa corine 
5.4. Riesgo de erosión en Francia 
Suelos 
Relieve – Modelo Digital del Terreno (MDT) 
Uso del Suelo 
Clima 
Agrupamiento de clases – Características del modelo 
5.5. Modelos aplicados en España 
5.6. Modelos de aplicación en Europa 
6. Métodos cuantitativos 
6.1. Métodos cuantitativos de evaluación directa 
Medidas en cuencas 
Mediciones volumétricas 
Simuladores de lluvia 
Parcelas de erosión 
La técnica del Cesio 137 
Tasas de erosión en España 
6.2. Métodos cuantitativos de evaluación indirecta 
7. Modelos conceptuales y con base física. Mecanismos de erosión hídrica 
7.1. Consideraciones generales 
7.2. Mecanismos de erosión hídrica 
7.3. Un acercamiento a los modelos conceptuales 
7.4. Un acercamiento a los modelos con base física 
8. Modelos estadísticos 
8.1. Formulaciones de interés 
Fournier (1960) 
Jansen y Painter (1974)
Dendy y Bolton (1976) 
Ciccacci et al. (1987) 
Das y Agarwal (1990) 
Verstraeten et al. (2003) 
8.2 Degradación específi ca en cuencas y pérdida de capacidad en un embalse 
9. Modelos parametricos. USLE/RUSLE 
USLE/RUSLE 
9.1. Factor R. Erosividad de la lluvia 
Estimación de la energía cinética de la lluvia 
9.2. Factor K. Erosionabilidad del suelo 
Erosionabilidad del suelo 
Factor K. Erosionabilidad del suelo 
Factor K. El-Swaify y Dangler, 1976 
Factor K. Young et al., 1990 
Simplifi cación de Shirazi y Boersma, 1984 
Modelo de Torri, Poesen y Borselli, 1997 
9.3. Factor topográfi co. Factor LS 
Factor LS en pendientes irregulares 
Factor LS de Moore y Burch, 1986
Factor LS de McCool et al, 1982, 1989 
Estimación del Factor LS en la RUSLE (Renard et al., 1997)
9.4. Factor cubierta vegetal. Factor C 
Factor C. Wischmeier y Smith, 1965 
Factor C. Wischmeier, 1975. 
Efecto de la cubierta vegetal aérea 
Efecto de los restos vegetales, y de la cubierta vegetal en contacto con la superficie. 
Efectos residuales de la vegetación 
Factor C. Dissmeyer y Foster, 1983. 
Factor C. RUSLE: Renard et al. 1997 
Cálculo del factor C 
Discusión. Comparación de los diferentes métodos estimación.
Factor C 
Adaptaciones realizadas en España
9.5. Factor P. Practicas de conservación 
9.6. Pérdidas admisibles. Tolerancia a la pérdida de suelo
9.7. Errores y limitaciones en la aplicación de la USLE 
Factor R
Factor K
Factor LS 
Factor C 
10. Otros modelos paramétricos 
MUSLE. Ecuación Universal de Pérdida de suelos modificada 
Aplicación de la USLE a cuencas. Onstad y Foster (1975) 
USLE-M (Kinnell y Risse, 1998, Kinnell, 2000, 2001, 2005). 
SLEMSA 
Factor K 
Factor C 
Factor X 
Método de Gavrilovic (1976, 1988) 
11. Conclusiones
12. Referencias 
Páginas de modelos de erosión de la web 
 

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